Can Leadership be Measured?

Leadership matters. Any one person may have"Desired results" are best defined by the vision,
an effect on the behavior of others at any time.mission, values and goals of the team or
The nature and intent of that effect determinesorganization. Therefore, leadership is best
the influence, direction and outcome of leadership.measured by the how well followers execute the
Organizations depend on leadership for direction,vision, mission and goals while "living out" the
momentum and a plan for sustainable success.desired values. This leads us to a new premise:
How do we recognize leadership exists? How dothat leadership should be measured by the results
we develop leadership? How can leadership beproduced and how they are produced, as so
measured? These are questions this article seeksoften stated. However, there is a critical third
to explore.element, that is, by whom are the results
How do we recognize leadership or know that itproduced. If it is the leader that produces the
exists? Generally, leadership is defined bydesired results, then this should rightfully be
characteristics and results. Yet formal leadershipattributed to individual action without any
development nearly always focuses exclusively oncontributing effect from the behavior of others.
characteristics, relying on hope that results willThere is an obvious link between communication
ensue. Unfortunately, leadership is seldom reallyand leadership -- the basic reason for
measured beyond an intuitive or anecdotalcommunication and for leadership is to prompt
approach.some form of behavioral response or action.
For example, a person in a leadership role isLeaders must communicate by speaking, listening,
deemed "successful." We want to replicate thereading, writing and action. Leaders produce
leader's success, so we try to replicate theresults and as other authors have stated,
characteristics, skills, values, competencies, actions"Leaders get results through people." Follower
and behaviors of the leader. We edify andbehavior, not leader behavior, defines leadership.
attempt to emulate these qualities in others, butThis might lead one to argue, wrongly, that there
we seldom get the same results. Corporateis little difference between leadership and coercion.
America is full of "competency-based" leadershipCoercion, or creating an environment using fear or
development programs, what one might call theincentives as motivational tools, may work
"injection-mold" approach. Competency-basedtemporarily yet is seldom sustainable.
leadership development has an effect onPerformance declines, conflict ensues or people
organizational culture, no doubt, but not alwaysleave.
the desired effect. Leaders who somehowUltimately, the brand of leadership we seek in
"measure up" to the desired competencies do notcontemporary life is best defined, developed and
always produce desired results.measured based on whether intended results are
Ultimately, producing results is the reason weachieved, how they are achieved, the value of
study leadership, the reason we seek to developthese results to others, and whether followers
leaders, the very reason we need leaders. So ittake discretionary action to achieve the leader's
stands to reason that leadership also has beenvision, mission and goals. Leadership depends on
measured based on the results produced,the achievements of followers. Leadership
regardless of how those results were achieved.development must be tied to intended results of
We need look no further than Richard Nixon orthose who are lead more than competency sets
Kenneth Lay to recognize the down side of suchof those who lead. Evidence of effective
one-dimensional measures.leadership can be found in the daily attitudes and
The leader's role is to establish the conditions (thehabits of followers. Ultimately, leadership can be
culture, the environment) under which others canmeasured by the achievement of discretionary
take right action to achieve desired results.goals by followers.