Situational Leadership Theory in Change Management - Different Strokes For Different Folks

Given the catastrophic 70% failure rate of allthis all a bit further and introduces the notion that
change management initiatives, the quality ofthe level of development or maturity of the
leadership exercised is clearly a significantfollowers is also something that the leader takes
component in reducing this risk.into account.
In essence, situational leadership theory"Maturity" in this context to do with the
emphasises 2 areas:preparedness and ability of a person to take
(1) "Different strokes for different folks" -responsibility for directing his or her own
different leadership styles are applicable tobehaviour in relation to a specific task in a specific
different situationssituation.
(2) "Cometh the hour cometh the man" -4 Distinct Leadership Styles
leadership extends potentially to just aboutClearly the appropriate leadership style to use in a
everyone in an organisation - at some timegiven situation is going to be determined by the
Dr Paul Hersey, who is closely associated with theleader's assessment of the maturity level of the
development of situational leadership theory,followers in that specific situation. The leader will
suggested in a fairly recent presentation that: "... amove appropriately long the task-directive versus
situational leader is anyone, anywhere whorelationship-supportive spectrum.
recognises that influencing behaviour is not anFour distinct leadership styles are identified in the
event but a process. The process entailsHershey and Blanchard Leadership Model - each
assessing followers' performance in relation toreflecting the evolving levels of maturity of the
what the leader wants to accomplish andfollowers:
providing the appropriate amounts of guidance(1) Directing - the leader is very directive providing
and support."clear, specific instructions
According to change management guru John(2) Coaching - whilst the leader retains control of
Kotter "...today's organizations need heroes atdecision making, he/she encourages two-way
every level. To truly succeed in a turbulent world,communication and helps build confidence and
more than half the workforce needs to step upmotivation on the part of his/her people
to the plate in some arena and provide change(3) Supporting - the people no longer need the
leadership."leader to tell them what to do or to make the
To my mind, the idea that effective leadersdecisions - so decision making is shared
change their leadership styles to fit the situation is(4) Delegating - when the people are ready, willing
an expansion of Robert Blake and Jane Mouton'sand able the leader delegates full responsibility to
"Managerial Grid" theory, which suggest that thethem
effective leader "moves appropriately" along theWhilst I agree with this style of flexible leadership,
spectrum of task versus relationship orientation.I have to say that, in a change management
4 Communication Componentscontext, extending leadership throughout an
According to a recent study [Baker, Brown],organisation in the manner suggested is asking a
successful use of situational leadership relies onlot of most organisations as it requires a complete
effectiveness in four communication components:and total change of culture.
- Communicating expectationsAlso, all of this is dependent on the supporting
- Listeningframework of change management processes
- Delegatingthat are derived from adopting a
- Providing feedbackprogramme-based approach to leading and
The Hersey and Blanchard Leadership Model takesmanaging the change.